Alta ingesta de café, más no de cafeína, es asociada con reducción de receptor de estrógeno negativo y de riesgo de cáncer de seno postmenopáusico

27-04-2017

El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar la relación entre el consumo de café y cafeína, y el riesgo de padecer cáncer de mama. Se incluyeron 3062 casos identificados a través del Ontario Cancer Registry, y 3427 controles localizados mediante llamada telefónica aleatoria. Se empleó una regresión logística para evaluar las asociaciones entre el riesgo de cáncer de mama y el consumo de 7 alimentos con cafeína, incluyendo en el análisis la presencia de una variante genética del citocromo P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) como potencial confusor. Otros confusores como presencia de receptor de estrógenos en el tumor, tabaquismo y presencia de menopausia fueron incluidos en el análisis estadístico mediante estratificación. En general, el café y cafeína no resultaron asociados al riesgo de padecer cáncer de mama, sin embargo se encontró una reducción significativa del riesgo en la categoría más alta de consumo de café (más de 5 tazas al día VS ninguna) OR 0,71, 95%IC: 0,51 – 0,98. La variante del CYP1A2 no confundió la asociación. En el análisis estratificado, el alto consumo de café resultó asociado con una reducción del riesgo de padecer cáncer de mama receptor de estrógenos negativo (OR= 0,41, 95%IC: 0,19-0,92) y postmenopáusico (OR= 0,63, 95%IC: 0,43-0,94), sin embargo hacen falta estudios que investiguen esta asociación.

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